When asked Котра година? (what time is it?), the only way I’ve found to reply is by way of a formal 24 hour format. For example:
It’s 9:45 PM
Котра зараз година?
Зараз, двадцять перша година, сорок п'ять хвилин.
Hours are designated by ordinal numbers in the nominative, feminine, singular form, while minutes take a cardinal number in the nominative, feminine, plural form.
My question is, is there a more casually acceptable way of giving the time, like maybe just saying
дев'ять, сорок п'ять?
And what about shortcuts, like “quarter to ten”?